Banks play major roles in each economic system through having a large part of the circulating funds (of the community). In Islamic banking, credits are granted in terms of concluding Islamic contracts. Credits in the form of Islamic contracts (especially, exchanging contracts and partnership agreements) cause that applicants can take benefit of these credits inappropriately as well as make up fake documents that consequently, they lead to the deviation of credits due to some factors such as moral hazard and adverse selection that these obvious problems have been originated from the asymmetric information. In this paper, following a survey which has been conducted through using questionnaires (including 20 questions), effective factors on credit diversion have been investigated. Results and analysis of Friedman test and Cronbach's alpha coefficient indicate that credit diversion has a direct relationship with some components such as the amount of (concessional financing) credits, the interest rate on bank lending (banking facilities) and the share of collaborative contracts (partnership agreements).

Happiness has always been considered as an important human need. Research shows that happiness has had a major effects on personality and life system. In this regard, a question which is raised is that "what are effecting factors on happiness"? Research shows that many factors such as "self-esteem", "personality", "leisure", "social capital" and... affect happiness. In this paper these factors are discussed and some research findings regarding every factor are analyzed.

Many Studies have been conducted on the audit services in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia. But to date very few have focused on other countries. This paper studies the market for audit services in Iran. The finding indicates broad similarities in the market for audit services in Iran and countries previously studied. The objective of this study is to understand how the effect of these factors (Industry Specialization, Audit Firm Reputation, Auditor Independence, Quality of Audit Report, Client Litigation, Stresses of Audit Report, and Client Reputation) identified by prior research on audit fee. Most prior studies have attempted to understand external auditors ranking about the importance of these factors. The results indicate that audit fee is influenced by Industry Specialization, Quality of Audit Report, Client Litigation, and Stresses of Audit Report. But Audit Firm Reputation, Auditor Independence, and Client Reputation don't have impact on the audit fee.

Crop insurance is a major instrument for coping with different adversities in farming. Study of farmer's wants, needs and expectations is a prerequisite for successful promotion of crop insurance among farmers. The purpose of this study was to identify the major determinants of crop insurance satisfaction among farmers at national level. In this study a survey research method was used. Multi-stage random sampling technique was used to select and interview 1241 farmers. The sample consisted of two groups of farmers: 1) those who continued crop insured, and 2) those that discontinued crop insurance. Regression model was used to investigate the impact of different factors on satisfaction with crop insurance. Based on the findings of the recommendations were made for further promotion of crop insurance.

One of the essential challenges franchisors encounter is achieving a balance between the opposing activities of standardization (products and services) and adaptation (local preferences). This is called ambidexterity in the literature of organizational studies. While the literature on franchising provides little insight into ambidexterity, this research investigates factors affecting ambidexterity and performance. This research is practical in goal and descriptive-correlational in terms of data collection. The data was collected using a survey questionnaire, filled with 63 franchisors, and analyzed using the Smartpls2 software. The results indicate that plural model, network portfolio management capability, growth orientation and market diversity positively affect franchisors' ambidexterity. Contrary to our expectations, contract flexibility does not influence ambidexterity in franchisors. The findings also show that ambidexterity holds a positive impact on the firm's performance.

AbstractPurpose: The velocity of change in the surrounding world has forced them to identify those factors which impact their change capacity. The present study was conducted to identify and prioritize influential factors on organizational change capacity.Methodology: In terms of purpose, this was explorative and applied research. Its population included ten familiar experts with research subjects in a research and training center. By reviewing the literature on change capacity, relevant, influential factors were identified, and they were concurred by the fuzzy Delphi technique, and then they were ranked. After recognizing influential factors, a pair comparisons questionnaire was distributed among ten experts, and after gathering the questionnaires, effecting factors were ranked using the Expert Choice11 Software package and AHP technique.Findings: Results show that organizational culture, structure, and style of leadership were the main factors that impacted change capacity.Conclusion: The influential factors can be divided into three categories: environmental, content, and structural elements. Environmental factors include environment and innovation; content factors include team working, intellectual capital, leadership, political behavior, and human resource management; Structural elements include strategy, structure, organizational policies, information technology, knowledge management, and technology. Value: This is the first time in the literature that the influential variables affecting the change capacity were recognized and categorized in a conceptual classification that has not been seen in the previous research.